| 1 |
Author(s):
Asmat Ullah.
Page No :
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Nanoparticles
Abstract
Nanoparticles are tiny particles with diameters ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers, which exhibit unique properties compared to their bulk counterparts. Their small size and high surface area-to-volume ratio make them useful in various applications such as drug delivery, imaging, and catalysis. However, their potential toxicity and environmental impact have raised concerns about their safe use and disposal. This article provides an overview of nanoparticles, their synthesis methods, and their applications in various fields. It also discusses the challenges associated with their toxicity and environmental impact and the ongoing efforts to address these issues. Ultimately, the article highlights the need for a responsible and sustainable approach to the development and use of nanoparticles in various applications.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Muhammad Abdullah Qureshi , Zuha Fatima , Muqadas , Muhammad luqman shabbir, Durr E Najaf .
Page No :
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Urolithiasis: A life-threatning disease in male ruminants.
Abstract
Urolithiasis is a common obstructive problem in ruminants mainly those in feedlots. It is a multifactorial disease but the main thing is the diet of animal fed on. It is seen more in males than females as males have narrower urinary passage as compare to females. Clinical signs exhibit and the animal on treatment may recover in most of the cases. Different approaches for treatment are used as surgical intervention , catheterization and supportive care. Good managemental practices should be adopt to prevent the uroliths formation.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Muhammad Abdullah Qureshi , Muhammad husnain , Muhammad Ali Raza Cheema, Syed Rizwan Ahmad , Usama Ijaz.
Page No :
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Hypospadias: Reimagining Male Reproductive Health
Abstract
Hypospadias is the congenital defect common in male reproductive system in which the opening of urethra is located on the underside of penis instead of tip. This condition is purely congenital. Chordee is the common symptom of this disease and the penis look hooded. Animals are constantly attacked by urinary tract infections. In some animals the clinical signs remain asymptomatic. This condition is common in male and female. Surgical intervention is the only treatment of this disease. Antibiotics can be given to avoid secondary infection after surgery.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Ali Raza, Muhammad Adnan Sabir Mughal, Muhammad Danial.
Page No :
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Hantaviruses: Unveiling the Pandemic Threat
Abstract
Hantaviruses are zoonotic viruses primarily transmitted to humans through contact with infected rodents or their excreta. Different species of hantaviruses exist globally, causing variations in disease presentation and severity. While outbreaks have occurred in various regions, person-to-person transmission is rare. Unlike viruses like influenza or SARS-CoV-2, hantaviruses do not possess the characteristics necessary for rapid global transmission and sustained outbreaks. Vigilance, surveillance, research, and public health interventions are crucial in mitigating the risks associated with hantavirus infections. Although hantaviruses pose a significant public health concern, they are not currently considered the next global pandemic. Proper preventive measures, such as avoiding contact with rodents, repairing gaps, using protective equipment, and disinfecting contaminated areas, are essential in halting the spread of hantaviruses. Continued monitoring and understanding of hantaviruses are necessary to prevent future outbreaks and protect public health.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Tasawar Iqbal, Sanaullah Khan.
Page No : 3-4
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Effect of Gossypol from Cottonseed Meal on the Reproductive System of Rabbits
Abstract
Gossypol, a compound found in cottonseed, inhibits rabbit reproductive functions including spermatogenesis, testosterone production, and seminal fluid. Understanding gossypol's impact on rabbit breeding is important in animal husbandry and can provide insight for other mammals, possibly humans. Strategies to improve gossypol's negative effects include dietary changes, antioxidants, and breeding healthier cultivars. Understanding this matter better improves animal welfare and productivity in rabbit production.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Tasawar Iqbal, Dr. Sidra Altaf *, Muhammad Ahsan Naeem.
Page No : 7-9
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Overview of Arthritis
Abstract
Arthritis is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by joint pain, stiffness, swelling and limited range of motion among other symptoms. Risk factors for arthritis include age, gender, genetics, obesity, joint injuries and infections. There are several treatment options available that can help reduce symptoms and improve quality of life. It is important for people with arthritis to seek appropriate treatment and take an active role in managing the condition
| 7 |
Author(s):
Rafia Gulnaz, Sidra Altaf, Tasawar Iqbal, Muqaddas Saqib.
Page No : 10-11
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Hypertension
Abstract
Hypertension is the most significant contributor to burden of disease worldwide. There are different environmental as well as biological factors involved to increase blood pressure. Stress can increase blood pressure by stimulating the nervous system to release huge amounts of vasoconstrictions. Hypertension is the main cause of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular diseases cause death worldwide. We can reduce hypertension by taking healthy diet and possible cost-effectiveness. Despite several therapies new methods and techniques are also needed to reduce blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Tasawar Iqbal, Dr. Sidra Altaf *.
Page No : 12-13
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Treatment of Male Infertility Disorders via Tribulus Terrestris and Multivitamins
Abstract
Tribulus Terrestris is a safe and effective mixture of natural compounds that enhances male sexual vitality. This is a special mixture of natural Tribulus Terrestris extract commonly used to treat male sexual health issues. It includes other essential vitamins like Zinc, Vitamin E, and Selenium in appropriate doses. Effective and safe treatment for male sexual health problems with more benefits.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Warda Qamar, Ansa Shahid.
Page No : 14-15
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Understanding the Implications of Plasmodium on Wildlife Health and its Possible Control Measures
Abstract
Plasmodium has a significant impact on wildlife biodiversity, evolution, and conservation. There are more than 100 species of Plasmodium that infect both humans and animals and cause the disease malaria. The Plasmodium parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes (Anopheles) and causes infections in birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and several others. The infection leads to fevers, anemia, organ damage, and even death. As different host species are susceptible to infection to various degrees, some develop immunity while others do not. 35 different Plasmodium species are recognized as legitimate species. The three species of P. gallinaceum, P. juxtanucleare, and P. durae are most dangerous to poultry. A variety of wild bird species are susceptible to infection by the P. relictum protozoan parasites, the source of avian malaria. Plasmodium needs both vertebrate host and invertebrate vector to complete their life cycle. In wild animal Plasmodium life cycle take place through different phases. When an infected mosquito bites a wild animal and injects sporozoites into its circulation, the lifecycle of the parasite begins. The animal’s liver is where these sporozoites move, reproduce, and give rise to thousands of merozoites. Male and female gametocytes are produced by a few merozoites. Male and female gametocytes combine inside the stomach of the mosquito to generate zygotes, which then grow into ookinetes. Many studies have been carried out to understand the Pathogen-host connection, ecology, epidemiology, and climate change effect on Plasmodium. Plasmodium infection can be controlled by using strategies such as Immunization, Monitoring, Habitat management techniques, and Management of the host. It's essential to manage the mosquito population to stop the Plasmodium from spreading. Insecticides or biological control strategies can also be used to achieve this.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Tasawar Iqbal, Sanaullah Khan.
Page No : 16-17
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Effect of Climate Change on Reproduction and Production of Bovine
Abstract
Climate change is prolonged abnormal weather conditions in an area. Climate change poses a threat to livestock due to heat stress. Livestock housing shelters cattle from the environment. Livestock's growth, milk production, reproduction, feeding, and behavior depend on the environment. Climate stress harms animal fertility by disrupting reproductive cycles. Heat stress impacts dairy production economically. The impact reduces feed intake and harms animal health, reproduction, and production. Environmental stress reduces milk production and reproductive capabilities in dairy animals, leading to substantial financial losses. Techniques like shading, sprinklers, ventilation, and cooling can reduce heat stress in cattle and are adaptable to climate change.
| 11 |
Author(s):
Shafia Arshad.
Page No : 18-19
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Diffusion of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Pakistan: A pipedream for health care
Abstract
The spread of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Pakistan has been seen as a viable way to improve healthcare and deal with the nation's mounting health issues. This perspective emphasizes the substantial obstacles and difficulties that prevent TCM from being widely adopted through an analysis of the historical context, policy environment, and social acceptance of it. The difference between ambitions for the spread of TCM in Pakistan and the actual situation on the ground is highlighted by this article. To prepare the way for a more significant integration of TCM into Pakistan's healthcare system, future research and policy activities should concentrate on developing regulatory frameworks, encouraging scientific collaboration, and raising awareness among healthcare professionals and the general public.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Tasawar Iqbal.
Page No : 21-22
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Overview of vaccination
Abstract
Infectious diseases have a significant impact on public health globally. Vaccination is a critical tool in mitigating their incidence and prevalence, thereby offering protection against various pathogens for individuals and communities. Vaccines contribute significantly to improving public health outcomes on a global scale. Vaccines are manufactured through a rigorous process of identification, preclinical investigation, and clinical trials designed to elicit a robust immune response against targeted pathogens without inducing disease manifestations. The significance of inoculation has been pivotal in managing the proliferation of illnesses and mitigating its societal ramifications. Ongoing research and technological advancements will uphold the salience of vaccines as a vital means of combating infectious diseases.
