| 1 |
Author(s):
Furqan Munir, Amna Shakoor, Noor-ul-Ain Tariq, Ayesha Arshad, Zia Ud Din.
Page No :
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Breast Cancer and its prevention
Abstract
In women, breast cancer in cancers is the second leading cause of death. As Pakistan is a developing country where most people live in villages. Indigenous people are unaware of breast cancer due to a lack of awareness among them. It is the uncontrolled division of cells in the breast that could also spread to distant organs of the body. Currently, many diagnostic and treatment options for breast cancer are available and if treated could be cured. People who adopt healthy lifestyles have the least chance of the occurrence of cancer. Moreover, it is also related to the age and steroid hormones of humans.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Khubaib Akram, Dawood Hassan, Tabassum Fatima.
Page No :
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Why ticks are getting bloomed in their Population?
Abstract
Ticks, small external parasites belonging to the order Parasitiformes, pose a significant threat to human and animal health by transmitting various diseases. This article highlights the life cycle of ticks and the factors contributing to their population growth. Ticks undergo a four-stage life cycle, requiring a blood meal at each stage for development. Their population growth can be influenced by habitat change, climate change, host availability, wildlife conservation, and human activities. Climate change, in particular, plays a vital role in extending the active season, enhancing reproduction and survival rates, expanding geographic ranges, and affecting host behavior and distribution. As ticks become more prevalent in diverse environments, understanding the drivers of tick population growth becomes crucial to implementing effective control strategies and mitigating the risks of tick-borne diseases. By exploring habitat conservation, tick control measures, raising awareness, and promoting protective measures, we can address the challenges posed by ticks and their impact on public health. Continued research and public health efforts are essential to combat the increasing threat of tick-borne illnesses.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Muhammad Abdullah Qureshi , Muhammad Ahsan.
Page No :
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Selection of best food for pets
Abstract
Being a pet owner, the well-being of our pet is of utmost importance. Most of us consider our pets as our own family members and we take care of them like a family member. But many of us don’t know which feed stuff is good for them and which is bad for their health. Sometimes we took over care of our partners by providing them the food we ourselves eat not knowing that this might cause serious health issues for them.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Peer Muhammad Faizan Fareed Shah, Peer Muhammad Faizan Fareed Shah, Sikandar Hayat, Tabassam Fatima, Asif Iqbal.
Page No :
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Role of flies as a vector.
Abstract
This research article delves into the role of flies as vectors in the transmission of various diseases, focusing on their significant impact on public health. Flies, being ubiquitous and opportunistic insects, serve as carriers for a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Understanding their behavior, biology, and the diseases they transmit is crucial for devising effective control strategies. This article highlights the potential implications of flies as vectors and emphasizes the importance of public health measures in mitigating their impact on human communities.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Junaid Ahmed , Usama Qurban.
Page No :
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Use of Ethnoveterinary Medicine to control Ectoparasites
Abstract
Parasitic contaminations are of significant wellbeing influencing many individuals. This article explains the expected effects of plants and their bioactive parts that have been generally utilized in the fix of a few parasitic diseases of poultry. This audit investigates the utilization of restorative spices for parasitic contaminations, underlining the new information accessible All in all, homegrown medications are the compelling wellspring of prime parts for drug recognition and the development of phytopharmaceuticals in the control of obliterating parasitic diseases.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Sarmad Ahmad.
Page No :
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Inhalational Ribavirin Formulations for Optimized Therapy in Hepatically Compromised Patients
Abstract
Ribavirin is a powerful antiviral medication. It exhibits viability across a wide range of viral diseases. However, hepatically compromised patients face trouble with modified drug digestion. To address this problem, inhalational ribavirin formulations or dose structures have arisen as a promising methodology, offering designated drug delivery, decreased fundamental openness, and worked on helpful results. This article thoroughly analyzes the turn of events, detailing methodologies, pharmacological experiences, safety contemplations, and future capability of inhalational ribavirin, zeroing in on its necessary job in patients with compromised liver function
| 7 |
Author(s):
Abdul Raheem, Muhammad Zaid Khalil, Warda Qamar.
Page No : 1-2
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Prevalence of Naegleria fowleri in Pakistan
Abstract
Naegleria fowleri is a free-living parasite known as a “brain-eating amoeba.” It causes “primary amoebic meningoencephalitis” (PAM). It has low morbidity but high mortality. It is an increasing threat to Pakistan, as several cases are reported in different regions this year. Three people died within a week in May in Karachi in 2023. It is difficult to diagnose as it causes the death of a patient within days after initial exposure. Improperly chlorinated pools and poor water supply are its main dissemination sources. A combination of drugs that limit amoebic growth is used to treat PAM.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Hasnain Idrees, Chaudhary Ali Ahmad Usman, Qudsia Akram, Faran Ali, Husnain Hayder.
Page No : 3-4
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The Importance of Breeding Soundness Examination in Mares and Optimal Reproductive Success Procedures
Abstract
Reproductive Evaluation of the mare can be assessed through the breeding soundness examination. The breeding soundness examination is valid for the entire period of the respective breeding season. It includes the general physical examination, breeding history evaluation, and thorough examination of the external and internal genitalia. The reproductive evaluation comprises of the physical assessment of the mating ability as well as the laboratory testing of the reproductive tract samples such as endometrial biopsy in order to declare the mare sound for the breeding or to work for the better management and treatment in case of any abnormality prior to breeding season. An in time and thorough breeding evaluation of a mare can save the money as well as time of the breeder for a profitable business.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Khadija Riaz, Dr. Sidra Altaf *, Tasawar Iqbal, Ume Salma.
Page No : 8-9
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Nutritional Epidemiology and its Impact on Policy Making
Abstract
Nutritional epidemiology reveals the impact of environment, lifestyle, and genes on population's nutrition. This approach is vital in assessing the influence of nutrition on healthy aging and chronic diseases. One contribution of nutritional epidemiology is the evaluation of dietary factors, such as assessing diet and describing nutritional exposure. It includes implementing statistical models to explore diet-disease relationship with a focus on managing measurement errors. The objective can be accomplished by using epidemiological methodologies and conducting community-based inquiries on selected subsets of aging demographics.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Khadija Riaz, Dr. Sidra Altaf *, Tasawar Iqbal, Dr. Muhammad Zia .
Page No : 11-12
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Overview of Aplastic Anemia
Abstract
Aplastic anemia (AA) is characterized by abnormalities in stem and progenitor cells, bone marrow cytopenia, and peripheral blood pancytopenia. This condition mainly affects children, teenagers, and people aged 60 or above. Bone marrow is a porous substance found in the medullary cavity of the skeletal elements, primarily in the vertebrae, pelvis, and lower extremities. Bone marrow contains stem cells. Stem cells can self-renew, create more stem cells, and develop into different cell types like erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. In acquired aplastic anemia, there is a severe deficiency of blood elements and subsequent reduction in levels of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
| 11 |
Author(s):
Ali Ahmad , Tasawar Iqbal*, Husnain Riaz , Sidra Altaf, Ahsan Akram .
Page No : 13-14
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Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Plant is used for the Treatment of Cancer
Abstract
Basil is a widely recognized herb with historical significance in traditional medicine for centuries. Scientific research suggests basil as an anti-cancer agent. Basil's efficacy in preventing and treating cancer in humans has been proven. Basil has anti-cancerous properties due to compounds like eugenol, linalool, methyl eugenol, rosmarinic acid, apigenin, luteolin, carnosic acid and beta-sitosterol. These compounds have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative qualities. These compounds can protect cells hinder cancer growth and promote cancer cell death. Basil is generally safe and well tolerated. This substance is considered safe with few adverse effects. Further investigation is necessary to determine if basil is effective in preventing or treating cancer in humans.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Muhammad Asim Shehzad, Muhammad Usama Bajwa , Danish , Ayesha Nasir, Muhammad Awais Rafiq .
Page No : 15-16
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Physiological and Nutritional Aspects of Puberty Onset in Cattle
Abstract
The timing of puberty is important for animals in the dairy industry due to its impact on overall milk production of animal. It is influenced by factors like breed, genetics, social cues and nutrition, possibly the most important. The hypothalamus regulates puberty by controlling gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. The prepubertal phase has low GnRH pulses due to estradiol feedback. Pubertal transition involve reduction of negative feedback sensitivity hypothalamus to estradiol, ultimately triggering LH surge. Nutrition affects GnRH and LH secretion, where body weight, composition, and metabolic hormones play major roles. Micronutrients like vitamins and minerals, along with maternal nutrition, also impact puberty. Understanding these complex mechanisms can help us to optimize the dairy production and reproductive management.
| 13 |
Author(s):
Muhammad Irfan.
Page No : 19-20
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Various control strategies of Haemonchus contortus parasite in small and large ruminants
Abstract
Haemonchosis has emerged as a major production barrier in sheep farms throughout the world's tropical, subtropical, and temperate climates. Haemonchus contortus's survival and, consequently, the onset of the disease in the animal, are influenced by several intrinsic and external factors. In general, anthelmintic drugs are heavily used to control nematode infestation in ruminants. Due to excessive and continuous use of anthelmintics, drug-resistant helminths strains are produced. This has led to the development and use of various halminths control strategies, including vaccines, plant extracts, biological agents, and essential oils. The ultimate objective of such control startegies is to increase production while lowering the risks associated with medication resistance, consumer safety, and environmental issues. This review aims to emphasise the many approaches used to treat haemonchosis in ruminants, the practical restrictions connected with both control programs and the parasite and its environment, as well as internal and external factors.
| 14 |
Author(s):
Furqan Munir, Muhammad Haris Sultan, Muhammad Rizwan, Amna Shakoor, Zia Ud Din.
Page No : 21-22
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Hypoimmunogenic Stem Cells and Their Impact on Liver Disorders
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have enormous potential in a wide range of medical fields, from disease modeling to regenerative therapy. As the number of clinical trials using iPSCs grows, there is a growing emphasis on liver problems. Diseases caused by genetic abnormalities, such as Wilson's Disease, Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency, hemochromatosis, and Glycogen Storage Diseases, provide complex therapeutic issues due to immunological barriers and transplantation challenges. Hypoimmunogenic stem cells represent a possible approach to avoiding immunological rejection by allowing these cells to develop into functional liver cells such as hepatocytes and endothelial cells. To develop iPSCs with a low immunogenic profile, strategies including gene deletions and immunomodulatory substances are being investigated, and the use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology assists in the generation of hypoimmunogenic iPSCs. These cells have a remarkable capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, which opens up new avenues for in vitro liver disease modeling and therapeutic approaches. Wilson's Disease, which is characterized by copper buildup, may benefit from iPSC-derived hepatocytes as a viable alternative to immunosuppressive-laden liver transplants. Similarly, Glycogen Storage Diseases and hereditary hemochromatosis, which are caused by glycogen and iron imbalances, provide opportunities for iPSC-based therapeutic techniques that might change therapy paradigms.
| 15 |
Author(s):
Ali Ahmad , Tasawar Iqbal*, Sidra Altaf, Ahsan Akram , Husnain Riaz .
Page No : 23-25
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Botanical Used for the Treatment of Liver Diseases
Abstract
Liver disease is characterized by hepatic inflammation or injury that hampers its physiological functioning. Throughout the course of history, practitioners of the herbalist tradition have utilized various botanical substances in order to protection and restore the health of the liver. Traditional liver treatments involve the utilization of natural components, such as various vegetables, fruits, plant extracts and herbs. The presented treatment demonstrates a wide range of clinical applications for diverse conditions, such as toxic hepatitis, fatty liver, cirrhosis, ischemic injury, radiation toxicity, and viral hepatitis. Beneficial properties encompassing antioxidant, anti-lipid per-oxidative, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and liver-regenerative influences are evidenced by the available research. There exists a multitude of natural compounds that possess the ability to precaution against and provide therapeutic benefits for hepatic ailments. Our focus revolves around the investigation and evaluation of the remarkable properties exhibited by natural products in order to ascertain their efficacy as prospective treatments for liver diseases.
