Articles

Antibody-mediated modulation of tumor antigens, several fresh approaches to improve the targeting of tumors as well as the effectiveness of therapies in the treatment of cancer have emerged. This article examines how antibodies may exert their effects on tumor antigens at the molecular level based on the different mechanisms. They include the use of immune system directed strategies such as the targeting of tumor recognized antigens to trigger immune responses, the use of immune system presentation pathways, and regulation of conditions in the tumor environment that would otherwise hinder immune receptor recognition. We also discuss the use of engineered antibodies to attain higher efficacy and selectivity for cancer cells including monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and antibody drug conjugates. The applications of these approaches are therefore vast in the therapeutic sense, and may offer gains in the treatment of various illnesses as well as the evolution of new treatments.