Author(s) :

Muhammad Hussain, Muhammad Ahmad, Ahmad Raza, Rabia Kanwal, Iqra Azeem.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

The Feline Pan-leukopenia Virus (FPV), a single-stranded, non-enveloped DNA virus closely related to canine parvovirus (CPV), is the cause of feline pan-leukopenia (FP), commonly referred to as distemper in cats. FP is a highly communicable and often fatal viral disease among cats. FPV spreads by the fecal-oral and oro-nasal pathways and targets cells that divide quickly in the bone marrow, intestinal crypts, and lymphoid organs. With mortality rates ranging from 25% to 100%, especially in per-acute cases, kittens younger than a year are the most vulnerable. Clinical manifestations include anemia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, and scerebellar hypoplasia in the newborn. Death is frequently caused by disseminated intravascular coagulation, dehydration, and secondary bacterial infections. Standard ELISA and serology tests have poor sensitivity and specificity; therefore, molecular assays and hem-agglutination inhibition tests are typically used for diagnosis. The mainstay of treatment is supportive care, which includes blood transfusions in extreme cases, maintaining electrolyte balance, rehydration, and antibiotics to prevent subsequent infections.

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