Author(s) :

Shaina Ilyas, Nouman Tariq.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Canine distemper virus is a fatal and highly contagious virus of the Paramyxoviridae family, genus Morbillivirus, that affects the respiratory, digestive, and neurological systems of canines. CDV is an enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus affecting multiple organs. Like other viruses, this virus attaches to the host and starts replication, with the chances of occurrence in immunocompromised or unvaccinated individuals. Spreading is mainly through aerosol droplets, initially replicating in lymphoid tissue, before binding to SLAM receptors. Within a few days, it causes viremia and disseminates to multiple organ systems, like the respiratory, nervous, and digestive systems. Major signs and symptoms include footpad hyperkeratosis, coughing, mucopurulent nasal discharge, tachypnea, diarrhea, vomiting, lethargy, ataxia, nystagmus, and weight loss. Diagnostic techniques include serology, histopathology, antigen detection, and RT-PCR. Vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent canine distemper, playing a vital role in protecting dogs' lives and ensuring their long-term health.

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