Author(s) :

Amina Yaseen, Asad Manzoor, Muhammad Imran, Urooj Shehzadi.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

COPD is a disorder which involves certain phenotypes, the continuum of which remains under noticed. COPD will be third leading cause of death worldwide. The most important risk factor is the active smoking, but other factors also under noticed such as occupational factors, some infections and the role of air pollution. Country, age and sex ratios change its prevalence rate. Age and smoking are common risk factors and illnesses, leading COPD patients to demonstrate multiple coexisting comorbidities.

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4