Author(s) :

Tasawar Iqbal, Sanaullah Khan.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Climate change is prolonged abnormal weather conditions in an area. Climate change poses a threat to livestock due to heat stress. Livestock housing shelters cattle from the environment. Livestock's growth, milk production, reproduction, feeding, and behavior depend on the environment. Climate stress harms animal fertility by disrupting reproductive cycles. Heat stress impacts dairy production economically. The impact reduces feed intake and harms animal health, reproduction, and production. Environmental stress reduces milk production and reproductive capabilities in dairy animals, leading to substantial financial losses. Techniques like shading, sprinklers, ventilation, and cooling can reduce heat stress in cattle and are adaptable to climate change.

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