Author(s) :

Furqan Munir, Muhammad Haris Sultan, Muhammad Rizwan, Amna Shakoor, Zia Ud Din.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have enormous potential in a wide range of medical fields, from disease modeling to regenerative therapy. As the number of clinical trials using iPSCs grows, there is a growing emphasis on liver problems. Diseases caused by genetic abnormalities, such as Wilson's Disease, Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency, hemochromatosis, and Glycogen Storage Diseases, provide complex therapeutic issues due to immunological barriers and transplantation challenges. Hypoimmunogenic stem cells represent a possible approach to avoiding immunological rejection by allowing these cells to develop into functional liver cells such as hepatocytes and endothelial cells. To develop iPSCs with a low immunogenic profile, strategies including gene deletions and immunomodulatory substances are being investigated, and the use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology assists in the generation of hypoimmunogenic iPSCs. These cells have a remarkable capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, which opens up new avenues for in vitro liver disease modeling and therapeutic approaches. Wilson's Disease, which is characterized by copper buildup, may benefit from iPSC-derived hepatocytes as a viable alternative to immunosuppressive-laden liver transplants. Similarly, Glycogen Storage Diseases and hereditary hemochromatosis, which are caused by glycogen and iron imbalances, provide opportunities for iPSC-based therapeutic techniques that might change therapy paradigms.

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