Author(s) :

Madiha Sarfraz , Zainab Fatima, Saleha Tahir.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Plasmids include genes that code for precise functions, like resistance to antibiotic and virulence factors, which allow microorganisms to survive treatment and flourish in the hostile host environment. Organized with other genetic components like integrating genes and transposons, plasmids help transmit these traits through a variety of mechanisms, essentially removing barriers between different bacterial species. This article reviews the physiology of plasmids and how they contribute to the virulence and resistant to antibiotic of the opportunistic pathogen K. pneumoniae. This bacterium has become resistant to several medications, is the cause of serious illness that are acquired in both hospitals and the general public. Most hospital infections in the US are brought on by bacteria that are members of the recently discovered.

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5