Author(s) :

Madiha Sarfraz , Noor Hyder, Khadijah Ishtiyaq, Tamsal Murtza, Muhammad Junaid Akbar, Saleha Tahir.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Since 1961, the most extensively employed overall antimicrobial resistant bacterium general has been Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Currently, the extent of infection attributed to MRSA is a tenfold worse than, collectively, all multi-drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Klebsiella species. They remain clinically transmissible through the hospital system with primarily beta-lactamase acquired resistance to antibiotics. Three antibiotics previously used in the treatment of MRSA infections included daptomycin, linezolid and vancomycin. However, due to the antibiotic options and single nucleotide polymorphism in open reading frames, the SCCmec machinery of respective antibody, MRSA is not sensitive to the above said antibiotics. Out of all types described above, PENC is actually a new antibiotic which appears to harbor the likely probabilities of being capable of treating MRSA even though this bacterium is resistant to only penicillin and potassium clavulanate. In this article, we have shown the antibiotic molecular modes of action, the whole-genome level of different gene mutants and various resistance mechanisms of the classic antibiotics to prospect for the new drugs for the optimal treatment of MRSA.

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