Author(s) :

Sadia Batool, Rao Zahid Abbas, Samar Fatima, Sidra Batool, Kanwal Tariq , Amina Hussain.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

The tick-borne encephalitis virus belongs to the family Flaviviridae. Its composition has three structural proteins and seven non-structural proteins and these all make the genomic structure of TBEV. TBEV also has subtypes that are based on genomic analysis. These subtypes are prevalent in numerous countries. The main reservoirs of the virus include rats, mice, and other rodents. Humans and domesticated animals are accidental hosts. They get the virus by the bite of an infected tick of Ixodes spp. or by taking raw milk products. If ticks pass a part of their life cycle on one host and the rest of their life is passed on another host, then chances of pathogen transmission are reduced. The symptoms of TBEV may be monophasic or biphasic. In biphasic disease, mild symptoms appear in the first phase, fatigue, pyrexia, and pain, but in the second phase, neurological symptoms are present. Serological and molecular methods are used for the diagnosis of TBEV in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. For treatment and prevention of TBEV, no antiviral treatment is available. Some countries have made vaccines that are used to produce an immune response for prophylactic control of TBEV.

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