Author(s) :

Ume Salma, Lubna Shaheen, Seerat Shahzad, Aysha Noreen, Noor Fatima, Tasawar Iqbal*, Sidra Altaf.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Molecular epidemiology is an interdisciplinary field at the intersection of molecular biology and epidemiology that studies the genetic and environmental determinants of disease development in populations. Advanced molecular techniques such as PCR, DNA sequencing, and genotyping are used to elucidate genetic variations, pathogen characteristics, and biomarkers associated with disease risk, prognosis, and response to treatment. The field also studies gene-environment interactions, pharmacogenomics, and cancer epidemiology to tailor preventive and therapeutic interventions to individual genetic profiles and environmental circumstances. The continued integration of new technologies, such as next-generation sequencing and high-throughput omics platforms, is improving disease surveillance and management strategies. The holistic approach of molecular epidemiology provides insight into the multifactorial nature of disease pathogenesis and contributes to the advancement of precision medicine and public health efforts.

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