Author(s) :

Umm ul Khair, Amina Nadeem, Muhammad Mubashir Rafiq, Muhammad Hassan Asghar , Muhammad Hammad shahid gill.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the serious global public-health issues that reduce the efficiency of treatment of infectious diseases. Growth of drug-resistance organisms has grown to a higher level due to antimicrobial overuse and abuse, inadequate the level of diagnostics and poor infection-control measures. This review discusses the implications of drug resistance on the health of the population and outlines new avenues of developing alternative means of treatment, i.e., phage therapy, antimicrobial peptides, compounds of plant origin, CRISPR-based antimicrobials, drug repurposing, and microbiome-modulating interventions. An integrated solution to this requires multidisciplinary approach that includes antimicrobial stewardship, extensive surveillance, research rewarding as well as an effective public-education program. On the global scale, by means of adequately organized international cooperation, it is possible to limit the spread of AMR, protect the effectiveness of life-saving therapies and technologies

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