Author(s) :

Iqra Shahid, Ramzan Ali, Laiba Fajar, Sonia Naseem, Amtul Shakeel.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

An infectious disease that is prevalent in individuals of all ages and genders, Urinary system inflammation is the consequence of urinary tract infections (UTIs). These diseases are mostly caused by bacteria. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most frequent cause of urinary tract infections. The development of new diagnostic techniques and treatment decision aids will speed up diagnosis and enhance antibiotic stewardship and accuracy. New preventive measures, including vaccination, bacterial interference, and catheter coatings and materials, are being researched and developed. The most common pathogen remained Escherichia coli (≈62%), followed by Enterococcus faecalis (≈8%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14%). Additionally, multidrug-resistant (MDR) UTIs are becoming more common. It has caused a significant increase in the burden of these diseases as well as the growth of antibiotic resistance. Taking probiotics, which are good bacteria, may help keep the urinary tract healthy and clear of many pathogens.

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