Author(s) :

Saba Perveen , Samaviya , Muhammad Taha Bin Husnain, Huzaifa Ghaffar.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Globally, one of the most significant sources of disease and death is cardiovascular disease (CVD), to which the rupture of unstable atherosclerotic plaques contributes greatly. Medications such as statins and antiplatelet drugs are beneficial and well-tolerated, but do not often prevent more serious consequences like heart attacks. Therefore, much of contemporary medicine has focused on developing new therapies aimed at increasing plaque stability and minimizing the risk of rupture. Some of these new approaches include anti-inflammatory agents, gene therapies, novel drugs, and those based on nanomedicine. To be effective, in addition to reducing lipid deposition, treatment must also mitigate inflammation and the dominant structural vulnerabilities of the plaques. This research examines the published literature regarding the rationale for these novel therapy approaches, elucidates the mechanisms of action, and evaluates them. This study examines these new therapy modalities, describes how they work, and evaluates the clinical evidence for their efficacy. The overall goal is to highlight interesting avenues for further research while bridging the gap between fundamental scientific research and clinical practice. These therapies have the potential to completely transform the treatment of atherosclerosis and significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular events by improving the stability of pre-existing plaques and inhibiting the formation of new ones.

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