Author(s) :

Muhammad Ahmad, Muhammad Ahmad Nadeem, Qalab Abbas, Anam Tariq.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Wheat is a vital food crop globally, but its productivity is severely threatened by rust diseases caused by Puccinia species. The three major types are stem rust (Puccinia. graminis tritici), stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis), and leaf rust (P. triticina), which affect different plant parts through a complex life cycle, and develop under distinct environmental conditions. These fungal diseases reduce yield and grain quality, impacting global food security. Historical evidence and recent outbreaks highlight their persistent danger. The main approach to managing rust diseases involves breeding wheat varieties with Sr, Yr, and Lr resistance genes. However, the emergence of new pathogen races and genetic erosion pose ongoing challenges. Sustainable management requires integrating resistant varieties with agronomic practices, modern breeding, and disease monitoring.

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