Author(s) :

Umm ul Khair, Muhammad Shoaib Maqbool, Farooq Aamin, Fatima, Khadija bibi, Syed faseeh ul hassan kazmi.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Biocompatible, eco-friendly production, and effective antimicrobial properties of green-synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have promoted their consideration as an alternative to conventional antimicrobials. Green synthesis is used to achieve this by using natural biomolecules, microorganisms and plant extracts rather than traditional chemical synthesis, which has reduced the risk to the environment and toxicity. The main peculiarities of AuNPs are small size and high surface area with a high degree of surface reactivity that makes these nanoparticle more effective in interacting with microbial cells. It is hypothesized to be contributing to their antibacterial effect in the following processes: the rupture of cell membranes, the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), their ability to suppress biofilm formation, and the interference with the activities of their DNA and proteins. Their effectiveness in place of conventional antimicrobials is of value as was demonstrated in recent studies that show their success in treating resistant bacteria and fungi. It is also used in veterinary and poultry practice and has a potential to reduce incidences of antibiotic resistance, improve gut health as well as manage infectious diseases. Gold nanoparticles that are synthesized using green methodologies are therefore a novel and eco-friendly solution to combat microbial illnesses and increase human and animal health.

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