Author(s) :

Hafiz Rana Irfan Khaliq, Iqra Ishaq, Muhammad Abdullah Qureshi, Zuha Fatima.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Clostridium perfringens is another significant poultry enteric pathogen that causes necrotic enteritis, a disease that is still contributing to high economic costs and welfare issues in the poultry industry across the world. Clinical spectrum of infection is between acute gastrointestinal necrosis and lethality and milder conditions of villous atrophy, persistent inflammation and loss of growth performance. Production of toxins, especially NetB, and other virulence determinants as well as biofilm formation are of prime importance in the pathogenesis and maintenance of the diseases. The problem of antimicrobial resistance has also further complicated the situation in treatment as it is being dealt with reduced usage of antibiotics in poultry production. This review outlines the pathology of C. perfringens infections, also outlines the emergent issues such as biofilm-mediated resistance or survival, and the current and potential control evaluation provisions such as vaccination, probiotics, phytogenics, and enhanced provision of management practices. Given the need to come up with sustainable ways to reduce the effects of C. perfringens on the health and production of poultry requires a greater insight into the interaction between the pathogen, host and environment

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