Articles

Biofilm formation is a new, emerging, multifaceted problem that hinders microbial control in different environmental settings, such as hospitals, the food industry, houses, farms, and the general environment. It also plays a key role in antimicrobial resistance to drugs and environmental stress, making them more persistent. It also makes conventional sanitization procedures useless by providing an external barrier in the form of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). In developing countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan. It is also a great economic burden for the public as well as the government. This is a multifaceted problem involving multiple sectors that need a multifactorial approach for proper handling.