Articles

Metformin is the most popular drug to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is common to prescribe metformin for long periods of time, sometimes for the entire life. While metformin is an effective, safe, and inexpensive treatment, long-term use may reduce vitamin B12 absorption, causing deficiency in some patients. Vitamin B12 is necessary for the formation of red blood cells, proper functioning of nerves, and the development of a healthy brain. Deficiency causes fatigue, anemia, numbness, cognitive problems, and neuropathy. Studies show that individuals with older age, longer treatment durations, high metformin doses, or a low B12 diet are more likely to develop vitamin B12 deficiency. Deficiency can be reduced by consuming vitamin B12-rich foods. Furthermore, there is a great need for a multidisciplinary approach to reduce, minimize, and inhibit long-term complications in people with type 2 diabetes