Articles

As the population grows and the world advances in technology, the demand for better nutrition also increases. In the race to provide enough nutritious food for people around the globe, the impact of food production on climate change and vice versa cannot be ignored. Therefore, this paper discusses recent innovative technologies for sustainable food systems, including cellular agriculture, regenerative agriculture, vertical farming, the planetary health diet, food waste mitigation, edible insects, and microalgae. It also briefly discusses the use of CRISPR in more resilient crops and AI in precision agriculture. Structural barriers, i.e., scarcity of resources, lack of regulation, lack of functional compatibility with natural products, and consumer acceptance, are outlined. It is possible to move toward feeding a growing population while reducing environmental damage, but there is unlikely to be one technology that completely solves the problem. The future will require a compatible combination of these technologies where they genuinely offer advantages.