Articles

Menopause and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) represent two hormonally driven conditions in women that respond well to targeted nutritional strategies. Evidence shows that micronutrients and bioactive compounds, including vitamin D, inositols, and marine-derived omega-3 fatty acids, may reduce systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and selected hormonal imbalances, although outcomes vary across populations. During menopause, risks of obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis increase, making nutrition critical for long-term health and daily functioning. Diets rich in phytoestrogens, particularly soy isoflavones, as well as whole-food and plant-based dietary patterns, can alleviate vasomotor symptoms and improve quality of life. In PCOS, nutritional management focuses on weight control, low-glycemic-load carbohydrates, and anti-inflammatory dietary approaches to optimize metabolic and endocrine parameters. Overall, individualized, evidence-based dietary interventions across life stages are essential for supporting hormonal balance, reducing chronic disease risk, and enhancing overall well-being in women experiencing PCOS and menopause.